Lama Pengerjaan, Volume Anestetik Lokal, dan Angka Keberhasilan Blokade Aksilar dengan Panduan Pencitraan Ultrasonografi pada Prosedur Arterio-Venous Shunt

Abstract

The key requirement for successful axillary block is to ensure optimal distribution of local anesthetic around the nerve structure. This goal is most effectively achieved under sonographic visualization. This study aimed to assess block procedure time, minimum volume of local anesthetic required, and success rate of axillary brachial plexus block under ultrasound guidance. This study was conducted between March and April 2014 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. This was an observational prospective study involving 40 patients (21‒60 years old) with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical status II who underwent arterio-venous shunt under axillary brachial plexus block. Sensory and motor functions were assessed every five minutes for 15 minutes. A successful block was defined as complete sensoric and motoric loss in median, radial, ulnar, and musculocutaneus nerve distributions by 15 minutes. Results showed average block procedure time of 548 seconds (9.1 min), total volume of local anesthetic of 10 mL, and block success rate of 97.5%. This study concludes that ultrasound guidance can reduce block procedure time and required local anesthetic volume as well as improving the success rate of axillary brachial plexus block.