Effects of stocking density on growth performance, digestive function and immune performance of Matou goats

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of different stocking densities on Matou goats. Thirty-six female Matou goats were randomly assigned into three experimental treatments including the low density (LD, 0.67 goat/m2), the medium density (MD, 1 goat/m2) and the high density (HD, 2 goats/m2) group. Compared with LD group, the average daily weight gain (ADG) of HD group decreased (p < .05). The length of duodenal and ileal villi in HD group was significantly lower than that in LD group (p < .05). The rumen pH and concentration of total volatile fatty acid (VFA), propionate butyrate and ammonia-nitrogen increased in HD group (p < .05). The acetate/propionate ratio was the highest in MD group (p < .05). The mRNA expression level of agouti-related protein gene (AgRP) in hypothalamus of LD was higher than that in HD group (p < 0.05). Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA expression level was the highest in MD group (p<.05) and the lowest in HD group (p < .05). An increase in growth hormone receptor (GHR), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and claudin-1 mRNA expression level were noticed in HD group (p<.05). Compared with LD group, the serum total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), globulin (Glb) IgA and IgG levels in HD group decreased (p < .05). Glucocorticoid (GCS), β-endorphin (β-EP) and cortisol levels in serum were also significantly increased in HD group compared with LD group (p < .05). These results showed that stocking density affected rumen environment and high stocking density resulted in a decrease in growth, digestive and immune function of Matou goats.

Keywords

• stocking density
• growth
• rumen fermentation
• immune
• goats
• stress