The effect of tomato on weight, body mass index, blood pressure and inflammatory factors: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract

Tomatoes contain active phytochemicals, including phytoene, phytofluene, beta-caroten, flavonoids, carotenoids, and lycopene but theirs effects on Weight, Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Inflammatory Factors is controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analyze is reported the effects of Tomato consumption on Weight, Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Inflammatory Factors such as CRP and IL-6 in Randomized Controlled Trials. Literature search was conducted by a systematic search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of sciences (WOB) up to August 2019. There was no language or release time data restrictions. Two researcher conducted data extraction, independently. Dersimonian-laird random effect models were conducted to combining result of included studies. PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Items for Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) used for this meta-analysis. Nine studies met inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. Combined results show not significant change in weight of participants (WMD: −0.03 kg, 95%CI: −0.59, 0.53, Pheterogeneity = 0.98) and BMI by tomato intervention (WMD: 0.07 kg/m2, 95%CI: −0.14, 0.29, Pheterogeneity = 0.99). Furthermore, blood pressure change was not significant too but pooled results show an significant reduction in IL-6 levels following intervention by tomato compared to control group (WMD: −0.12 pg/ml, 95% CI: −0.23, −0.02, Pheterogeneity = 0.001). Although, the pooled results from effect of tomato on CRP were not significant (WMD: 0.98 mg/l, 95%CI: −0.23, 219, Pheterogeneity = 0.09) but time-response analysis showed significant time dependent relation between tomato intervention and CRP levels. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in IL-6 by tomato consumption. Tomato reduce CRP levels in short period too. Keywords: Tomato, Weight, Blood pressure, IL-6, CRP