Confins (Dec 2024)
Transformações nos modelos de produção agrícola e nas paisagens:
Abstract
This research highlights two aspects related to the Pampa (143,440 km²), in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and the Autonomous Community of Catalonia (32,108 km²), in Spain. The first relates to the construction of parameters for analyzing agricultural production models; and the second, to methods for analyzing landscape transformations and their protection, including for the purposes of applying this category of analysis to Geography teaching. The Pampa, which is divided between Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay, has been suffering from the historical suppression of its native herbaceous and shrub vegetations due to the expansion of monoculture plantations since the 1970s. The Brazilian Biomes Deforestation Monitoring Project shows that 54% of the original area has already been suppressed. Similarly, in the Spanish autonomous community, since the 1980s, especially since Spain's integration into the European Economic Community (EEC) and the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), there has been a growing increase in woody monocultures, associated with surface water and groundwater irrigation. In addition to intense agricultural production, desertification problems stand out, related to the abusive use of water sources, with associated erosion processes. Thus, the objective of the Landscape Laboratory (PAGUS) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) and the Landscape, Heritage and Education Research Group of the Autonomous University of Madrid (Spain) is to analyze the transformations of the landscape due to the expansion of monocultures, with emphasis on the analytical methods used by geographers in both the Catalan community and the Pampa. As for the methodological strategies to achieve this objective, the analysis of landscape transformations in two specific landscape units is considered fundamental: the Pla d'Urgell (Lleida Depression - ESP) and the Coxilhas do Arroio Miracatu (Pampa Depression - BRA), also for the generation of new knowledge for Geography research and teaching, from the perspective of comparison between different geographical spaces.
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