Insights into yield stability: A comparative analysis of regression, AMMI indices and Biplot Methods in pearl millet

Abstract

Pearl millet is a vital crop in India cultivated across diverse agro-ecological zones. One of the primary challenges in millet farming is the absence of superior genotypes well-suited to local conditions. Hence, there is a need to develop pearl millet genotypes that exhibit high yield and stability to enhance production. With this regard, the study aimed to identify genotypes with high and stable yields across diverse seasons. Twenty-three genotypes were evaluated in four seasons in a randomized block design. Statistical analysis, including the Eberhart and Russell model, AMMI, and GGE biplot, were employed to assess genotype-environment interactions. The genotype ICMB 07999 was observed to have be stable with consistent mean yield, while PT 6679 , PT 7058 and PT 7054 were observed to have above-average stability. These findings were supported by AMMI biplots and various stability indices. GGE biplots revealed two mega-environments, from which Kharif seasons (mega environment 2) provided more informative assessments of genotype stability compared to summer seasons. Across all models and various parameters analysed, PT 6679 and PT 7058 emerged as stable inbreds with high mean seed yield. These inbreds could be tested further in larger environments for potential use in breeding program.

Keywords

• pearl millet
• grain yield
• stability analysis
• ammi model