Clinical significance of establishing a red blood cell alloantibody detection database

XIAO Xiao; CHEN Long; ZHAO Zhenyu; HE Zhanghan; ZHOU Mengjun; TANG Jie

doi:10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2025.01.009

Zhongguo shuxue zazhi (Jan 2025)

Clinical significance of establishing a red blood cell alloantibody detection database

XIAO Xiao,
CHEN Long,
ZHAO Zhenyu,
HE Zhanghan,
ZHOU Mengjun,
TANG Jie

Affiliations

XIAO Xiao: Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
CHEN Long: Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
ZHAO Zhenyu: Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
HE Zhanghan: Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
ZHOU Mengjun: Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
TANG Jie: Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2025.01.009
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 38, no. 1
pp. 54 – 60

Abstract

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[Objective] To explore the clinical significance and application value of establishing a database for red blood cell alloantibody detection. [Methods] Patients who were scheduled for blood transfusion in our hospital from January 1, 2020 to May 1, 2024 were selected as the research subjects. A red blood cell alloantibody detection database was established using Microsoft Office Excel software to register the detection data of patients' alloantibodies and antibodies of undetermined specificity (AUS). A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics, antibody distribution, antibody decay and repeat positivity of the patients in the database. The LISS-IAT method was routinely used for antibody screening and identification. [Results] Among the alloantibodies, the Rh blood group system had the highest detection rate, followed by antibodies of the MNS blood group system and the Lewis blood group system. The predominant antibody in the Rh blood group system was anti-E. In the univariate analysis, the positivity of antibody was significantly associated with the patient's gender, age, blood transfusion history, pregnancy history and type of disease (all P<0.001). In the database, 48 patients experienced antibody decay, accounting for 15.24%(48/315), with an average time span of antibody decay ranging from 22 to 1 324 days. Six cases showed repeat positivity after decay, which were related to blood transfusions. The shortest interval between blood transfusions that led to antibody repeat positivity was 3 days, and the longest interval was 427 days. Among 58 cases with AUS, 3 converted into alloantibodies, among which 2 were anti-E and 1 was anti-Lea. [Conclusion] Establishing a red blood cell alloantibody detection database is an effective way to guide ambiguous cross-matching in clinical practice and is also an effective measure for the management of transfusion risks.

Published in Zhongguo shuxue zazhi

ISSN: 1004-549X (Print)
Publisher: Institute of Blood Transfusion of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Country of publisher: China
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs
Website: https://www.cjbt.cn/homeNav?lang=en

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