FORMATION OF EDUCATIONAL SPACE IN RURAL AREAS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY (ACCORDING TO THE MATERIALS OF THE TAMBOV PROVINCE)

Abstract

This article is devoted to the analysis of the situation in public education in the second half of the XIX century. The object of study in the article is the parochial and Zemstvo school. The Tambov province was chosen as the territorial framework of the study. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the situation in the field of public education in the territory of Usman and Lipetsk counties. The article analyzes the position of the provincial Zemstvo Council, examines the attitude of County councils to the problem of literacy among the population. The work of the N.F. Bunakov’s mobile museum of visualteaching aids was analyzed, its role in the spread of literacy among the rural population was defined. The intense activity of the Museum staff to reprint books and their further distribution allowed to solve the problem of shortage of educational literature and make books more accessible to rural residents. In the article the analysis of statistical data is carried out, the maintenance of resolutions of the Tambov provincial Zemstvo is studied. In the course of the work, such scientific methods as narrative-descriptive, comparative-historical were used. As sources for writing the article, data from the state archives of the Tambov and Lipetsk regions, statistical collections on the Tambov province, collections of resolutions of the Tambov provincial Zemstvo Assembly, published sources were involved. Statistical data allowed the author to analyze trends in the field of public education. Analyzing the data of the activities of the County assemblies of the Lipetsk and Usman Zemstvo, it can be noted that its members, as well as the local population, actively offered various methods for the dissemination of literacy, sent a petition to the provincial Council. In the course of our work, we came to the following conclusions: the government and the Zemstvo authorities took effective measures to create a people's school.

Keywords

• folk education
• zemsky and provincial government
• zemsky shkola
• church and parish school
• tambov province
• lipets county
• usman county