Early-stage breast cancer screening using a new biodegradable and easily implantable multi-element sensor in sub-THz range

Abstract

In this article, a new biodegradable and easily implantable multi-element sensor is presented for early-stage breast cancer screening within the Sub-THz frequency range. The evolution of the sensor begins with the development of a single element. Once the desired operating frequency of operation is accomplished by the single element it is transformed into a multi-element configuration. The sensor is implemented on a compact size (20,000 × 20,000 µm2) easily biodegradable cordura substrate. The sensor performance is evaluated in terms of in-band reflection, directivity and surface current. The sensor is offered Factional Bandwidth (FBW), average directivity and surface current density 115.15%, 10.5 dBi and 20 A/m, respectively. The breast phantom screening is carried out for normal and malignant phantoms of (Tis, N0, M0), (T1, N0, M0) and (T2, N1, M0) using the proposed Multi-Element Sensor (MES). The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results, error bar and sensitivity parameters are accounted for in the analysis to discriminate the normal phantom from malignant phantoms. The sub-THz range of operation of the proposed sensor has opened a new research scope for medical screening applications and the proposed method comparatively, offers a wide range of measurements for tumour detection.

Keywords

• Breast cancer
• biodegradable
• MES
• PCA
• S-parameter