Short-Term Relationship Between Air Pollution and Mortality from Respiratory and Cardiovascular Diseases in China, 2008–2020
Yunning Liu,
Xuyang Shan,
Yitong Sun,
Xinpeng Guan,
Lijun Wang,
Xinghou He,
Jiangmei Liu,
Jinling You,
Rongshan Wu,
Jianbin Wu,
Bin Zhang,
Jinlei Qi,
Peng Yin,
Mengyao Li,
Xinghua He,
Zifa Wang,
Hongbing Xu,
Jing Wu,
Wei Huang
Affiliations
Yunning Liu
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Xuyang Shan
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
Yitong Sun
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Xinpeng Guan
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
Lijun Wang
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Xinghou He
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
Jiangmei Liu
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Jinling You
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Rongshan Wu
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Jianbin Wu
School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
Bin Zhang
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
Jinlei Qi
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Peng Yin
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Mengyao Li
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
Xinghua He
School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
Zifa Wang
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Hongbing Xu
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
Jing Wu
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Wei Huang
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
Most existing epidemiological studies on the impact of air pollution on noncommunicable diseases have focused on urban areas, rather than nationwide studies that include rural areas. This study utilized a time-stratified case-crossover study that included deaths registered in the National Mortality Surveillance System from 2008 to 2020. Atmospheric particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) were evaluated via the National Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the associations between short-term air pollution exposure and the risk of respiratory disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. There were increases in the risk of respiratory diseases (0.12%, 0.10%, 0.10%, 0.05%, and 0.40%) and CVDs (0.08%, 0.07%, 0.03%, 0.02%, and 0.22%) for each 10 μg/m3 increase in the concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and SO2, respectively, and for each 1 mg/m3 increase in the concentration of CO, which may be associated with the participants’ characteristics. The results of these national analyses indicate that ambient air pollutants are significantly associated with increased risks of respiratory disease and CVD death in both urban and rural areas, which is critical for air pollution control, especially in low- and middle-income areas.
