Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University (Oct 2023)
Ethical considerations of AI applications in medicine: A policy framework for responsible deployment
Abstract
The growing incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare presents significant opportunities for transforming medical diagnosis, treatment, and accessibility, especially in countries with diverse populations such as India. Nevertheless, there are significant ethical concerns that accompany these commitments, specifically related to data privacy, algorithmic bias, and the potential erosion of human agency. This paper addresses these challenges by presenting a comprehensive policy framework for the responsible implementation of AI in the healthcare sector in India. The framework prioritizes values such as transparency, inclusivity, and public trust. The framework promotes the use of strong data governance mechanisms, such as informed consent, data anonymization, and responsible data sharing practices, based on the most favorable outcomes for ethical AI. In order to address algorithmic bias, it is crucial to conduct regular audits, employ bias mitigation techniques, and implement explainable AI models. Moreover, it advocates for a methodology that prioritizes the needs and well-being of individuals, fostering cooperation between AI and healthcare experts, while also valuing the independence of patients through transparent communication and honoring their decisions. The framework suggests the creation of a specialized regulatory entity with a diverse composition to formulate and enforce ethical standards, oversee adherence, and promptly address complaints. Lastly, recognizing the vital importance of public awareness, it underscores the need for extensive training and development of healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the general public. This will promote well-informed discussions and help alleviate any potential societal concerns. This paper seeks to establish a clear ethical framework and propose a detailed policy structure to enable the use of AI in Indian healthcare. The objective is to create a future where AI can effectively improve healthcare access, reduce disparities, enhance medical results, and ultimately prioritize the wellbeing of patients and society.
