The impact of climate change in the spread of Pythium myriotylum in ginger: a critical review

Abstract

Climate change is a growing concern due to its potential impact on biotic stressors, particularly fungal infections, such as Pythium myriotylum, which causes significant damage to ginger plants. Among the several yield-reducing fungal diseases targeting ginger, Pythium myriotylum is known to cause significant damage through rhizome rot and damping off. Scientific studies have explored the survival and spread of P. myriotylum in gingers and other crops that are thought to be caused by climate change. Oospores, the primary inoculum source, are crucial for the P. myriotylum's life cycle and disease progression. To mitigate the effects of P. myriotylum in ginger, adaptation techniques such as crop rotation, pesticide use, and breeding of resistant varieties can be developed. However, understanding the current spread of P. myriotylum and its limitations is crucial for future research. This review discusses the current status of P. myriotylum's importance in ginger, the effects of climatic variables on its life cycle, survival, and spread, adaptation strategies, and the effects of climate change on it. It also identifies significant knowledge gaps for future research.