Effects of <i>In Vitro</i> Digestion on the Antioxidant Activity of Three Phenolic Extracts from Olive Mill Wastewaters

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of in vitro digestion on the antioxidant activity of three extracts rich in phenols (two purified organic extracts (A20, A21) and one powdered extract stabilized with maltodextrins (SP)) obtained from olive mill wastewaters (OMWW). The content and composition of phenols and antioxidant activity was determined before and after in vitro digestion. The phenol content of the A20 and A21 samples were higher (>75%) than that of the SP sample before in vitro digestion. After the entire in vitro digestion, 89.3, 76.9, and 50% loss of phenols was found in A20, A21 and SP, respectively. ABTS•+ and ORAC values decreased during in vitro digestion of A20 and A21 samples, while they remained almost constant in SP. IC50 increased during digestion of A20 and A21, evidencing a loss of antioxidant capacity after the intestinal phase; an opposite IC50 trend was noted in SP, confirming the protective role of maltodextrins. For these reasons, SP represents a promising formulation to be used in the food field.

Keywords

• phenolic extract
• olive by-products
• <i>in vitro</i> digestion
• antioxidant activity
• 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH^•)
• 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS^•+)