Modern Dönem Yahudilikte Süleyman Mabedi'ni Yeniden İnşa Girişimi: III. Mabet Hareketi'nin Doğuşu/An Attempt to Rebuild the Temple of Solomon in the Contemporary Judaism: the Emergence of the Third Temple Movement

Abstract

In the Jewish tradition, after the destruction of the Temple of Solomon in 70 CE, it is accepted that the Third Temple would be miraculously rebuilt under the leadership of a Messiah who will be sent by God during the messianic salvation period. In this belief, Jews have entered a passive waiting period until the 20th century. That being said, developments in the 20th century led to the doctrine of Religious Zionism, which is based on accepting the State of Israel as the instrument of the messianic salvation period, being widely adopted. However, religious Zionists' disillusionment for the Israeli State policies has led to the emergence of a fundamentalist movement called the Third Temple Movement. This movement aims to destroy the Islamic heritage and build the Third Temple in its place on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. The most significant aim of the Third Temple activists is to establish a theocratic kingdom in the region. According to the traditional Jewish belief, this event, which is expected to occur after the arrival of the Messiah, is trying to be realized by the Third Temple Movement's activists. In this effort, they reject God's miraculous intervention in history, affirming instead that human hands will achieve salvation. This study puts forth the emergence of the Third Temple Movement, which plays a critical role in the current political crises experienced in the region and the Third Temple Movement's characteristics.

Keywords

• history of religions
• judaism
• solomon's temple
• temple
• third temple movement.