Journal of Inflammation Research (May 2021)
Investigation of Wound Healing and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Solvent Fractions of 80% Methanol Leaf Extract of Achyranthes aspera L. (Amaranthaceae) in Rats
Abstract
Teklie Mengie,1 Solomon Mequanente,2 Dereje Nigussie,3 Belete Legesse,4 Eyasu Makonnen2,4 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 3Vaccines and Diagnostic Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 4Center for Innovative Drug Development & Therapeutics Trial in Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Teklie MengieDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, P.O. Box: 272, Debre Tabor, 6300, EthiopiaTel +251 910111531Email [email protected]: The various fractions of leaves of Achyranthes aspera L. (A. aspera) have not yet been explored scientifically for in-vivo wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. The objective of this study was, therefore, to evaluate in-vivo wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities of solvent fractions of 80% methanol leaf extract of A. aspera in rats.Methods: The 80% methanol leaf extract of A. aspera was fractionated with chloroform, n-butanol and water. Wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using excision and incision wound models, rat paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma models, respectively. For wound healing activity, fractions were evaluated at 5 and 10% ointments. The positive control groups were treated with nitrofurazone 0.2% ointment. Simple ointment treated for excision wound model and untreated for incision wound model rats were assigned as negative controls. For anti-inflammatory activity, fractions were evaluated at 100, 200 and 400mg/kg. Positive control groups were treated with indomethacin 10mg/kg for both rat paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma models. The 2% Tween 80 treated rats were assigned as negative controls for both anti-inflammatory activity models. All groups comprised of 6 rats and treatment administrations were made topically and orally for evaluation of wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities.Results: The 10% w/w chloroform fraction ointment revealed a high percentage of wound contraction and reduced period of epithelialization (p < 0.01). Chloroform fraction was also found to be the most active fraction, which demonstrated the maximum percentage inhibition of edema (52.50%; p < 0.01) and transudative and proliferative component of chronic inflammation (37.52 and 52.81%; p < 0.01), which was comparable to indomethacin.Conclusion: Data obtained from this study collectively indicated that a chloroform fraction of 80% methanol leaf extract of A. aspera possessed significant wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities.Keywords: Achyranthes aspera, wound healing, carrageenan-induced paw edema, cotton pellet granuloma
