Frontiers in Nutrition (Aug 2024)

Inflammatory diet, gut microbiota and sensorineural hearing loss: a cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study

  • Yixuan Wang,
  • Jiayi Nie,
  • Kaige Yan,
  • Jing Wang,
  • Xin Wang,
  • Yuxiang Zhao

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1458484
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11

Abstract

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AimsInflammatory diets can trigger chronic inflammation and affect gut microbiota. However, the relationship between dietary preferences and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between different dietary preferences and sensorineural deafness.MethodsThe Dietary Inflammation Index (DII) and SNHL were defined by data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and exploring their relationship. Using Mendelian randomization (MR) to analyze the relationship between 34 dietary preferences, 211 gut microbiota, and SNHL.ResultsSmooth curve fitting indicated that the risk of SNHL increased with increasing DII score when the DII score was greater than 5.15. MR results suggest that a diet including both oily and non-oily fish can substantially reduce the risk of SNHL. Additionally, six specific gut microbiota were found to have significant causal relationship with SNHL.ConclusionAn inflammatory diet may increase the risk of developing SNHL. The observed relationship between fish consumption, gut microbiota, and SNHL suggests the existence of a gut-inner ear axis.

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