Acta Biomedica Scientifica (May 2013)
Reproductive health as qualitative population characteristics
Abstract
Reproductive health is an essential part of population health and qualitative characteristics of population reproduction. The purpose of this article is to estimate the most important characteristics of reproductive health in the last years in the socio-hygienic conditions of the Siberian Federal district. As the main indicators of reproductive health are considered the incidence of reproductive sphere of women, the prevalence of abortions, maternal, perinatal, infant mortality, infertility. It is shown that the prevalence of diseases that have emerged in the period of pregnancy and the postnatal period, the Siberian Federal district has steadily been in the top three of disadvantaged territories of Russia. Morbidity of pregnant women in the Siberian Federal district by 2010, above the Russian average: on diseases of blood circulation system - by 22,7 %, diseases of urine-genital sphere - by 13,8 %, violations of generic activity - by 12,8 %. In conditions of reduction of the level of reproductive health found a high level of oncological diseases of the reproductive system of women. Incidence of cancer of the mammary gland is growing. However, in the Siberian Federal district has been positive trend in reducing the number of abortions, maternal, infant and perinatal mortality. So, for the period of 2005-2010 prevalence of abortions has decreased by 20,6 %, the maternal mortality rate decreased from 54,5 in 2000 to 19,1 in 2010, per 100 000 live births. However, in spite of a relatively steady decline in the number of cases of maternal mortality, the difference of this indicatorfor the residents of the towns and villages increases. This unfavorable situation points to the need for greater availability of high-quality obstetric-gynecologic assistance to inhabitants of villages. At the present time it can be assumed violation of long-term dynamics of infant mortality rate due to more intensive inclusion in the procreation of marginalized groups of women (medico-social effect of the measures under the name of «mother's capital»). Thus, already in 2007, increased number of born full term children with a syndrome of intrauterine development, which may be the result of inclusion in the process of the birth of a new, qualitatively different groups of women, which leads to the transformation of the social structure of the parturient women. This has a tremendous impact on the dynamics of all reproductive indicators.
