Calpeptin may reverse glucocorticoid-resistance of allergic rhinitis associated with cigarette smoke exposure by down-regulating interferon regulatory factor 1
Wen-Xuan Zhu,
Yang Xi,
Fen Li,
Wo-Er Jiao,
Zi-Jing Li,
Shi-Ming Chen,
Yong-Gang Kong,
Yu Xu,
Yu-Qin Deng,
Jing-Jing Zuo,
Ze-Zhang Tao
Affiliations
Wen-Xuan Zhu
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
Yang Xi
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
Fen Li
Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
Wo-Er Jiao
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
Zi-Jing Li
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
Shi-Ming Chen
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
Yong-Gang Kong
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
Yu Xu
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
Yu-Qin Deng
Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
Jing-Jing Zuo
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Corresponding author. Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Institute/University/Hospital, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China.
Ze-Zhang Tao
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Corresponding author. Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Institute/University/Hospital: Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China.
Cigarette smoke exposure is an important factor in chronic inflammation in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR); however, the relationship between cigarette smoke and AR-related glucocorticoid resistance requires further study. In mice, calpeptin significantly reduces inflammation of the lower respiratory tract caused by cigarette smoke, but whether it can treat glucocorticoid-resistant AR caused by cigarette smoke requires further research. In this study, we confirmed that cigarette smoke exposure can aggravate the Th2 inflammatory response in AR leading to glucocorticoid resistance. The underlying mechanism may be related to decreased expression of DNA methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a), and increased expression of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). In addition, we found that calpeptin can inhibit the expression of IRF1 and thus treat AR-associated glucocorticoid resistance in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. These data suggest that calpeptin may downregulate IRF1 and therefore treat glucocorticoid resistance in AR-associated with cigarette smoke exposure.
