Rectal and Tracheal Carriage of Carbapenemase Genes and Class 1 and 2 Integrons in Patients in Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit
Ekaterina S. Kuzina,
Tatiana S. Novikova,
Evgeny I. Astashkin,
Galina N. Fedyukina,
Angelina A. Kislichkina,
Natalia V. Kurdyumova,
Ivan A. Savin,
Olga N. Ershova,
Nadezhda K. Fursova
Affiliations
Ekaterina S. Kuzina
Department of Training and Improvement of Specialists, State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Territory “Kvartal A”, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
Tatiana S. Novikova
Department of Molecular Microbiology, State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Territory “Kvartal A”, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
Evgeny I. Astashkin
Department of Molecular Microbiology, State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Territory “Kvartal A”, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
Galina N. Fedyukina
Department of Immunobiochemistry of Pathogenic Microorganisms, State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Territory “Kvartal A”, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
Angelina A. Kislichkina
Department of Culture Collection, State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Territory “Kvartal A”, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
Natalia V. Kurdyumova
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery Named after Academician N.N. Burdenko, 125047 Moscow, Russia
Ivan A. Savin
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery Named after Academician N.N. Burdenko, 125047 Moscow, Russia
Olga N. Ershova
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery Named after Academician N.N. Burdenko, 125047 Moscow, Russia
Nadezhda K. Fursova
Department of Molecular Microbiology, State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Territory “Kvartal A”, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
The spread of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, which is associated with the distribution of beta-lactamase genes and class 1 and 2 integrons, is a global problem. In this study, in the Moscow neurosurgery intensive care unit (neuro-ICU), the high prevalence of the above-stated genes was found to be associated with intestinal and tracheal carriage. Seven-point prevalence surveys, which included 60 patients in the neuro-ICU, were conducted weekly in the period from Oct. to Nov. 2019. A total of 293 clinical samples were analyzed, including 146 rectal and 147 tracheal swabs; 344 Gram-negative bacteria isolates were collected. Beta-lactamase genes (n = 837) were detected in the isolates, including beta-lactamase blaTEM (n = 162), blaSHV (n = 145), cephalosporinase blaCTX–M (n = 228), carbapenemase blaNDM (n = 44), blaKPC (n = 25), blaOXA–48 (n = 126), blaOXA–51–like (n = 54), blaOXA–40-like (n = 43), blaOXA–23-like (n = 8), and blaVIM (n = 2), as well as class 1 (n = 189) and class 2 (n = 12) integrons. One extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain (sequence type ST39 and capsular type K23), simultaneously carried beta-lactamase genes, blaSHV–40 and blaTEM–1B, three carbapenemase genes, blaNDM, blaKPC, and blaOXA–48, the cephalosporinase gene blaCTX–M, and two class 1 integrons. Before this study, such heavily armed strains have not been reported, suggesting the ongoing evolution of antibiotic resistance.
