<i>Clostridium botulinum</i> and <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> Occurrence in Kazakh Honey Samples
Balgabay Maikanov,
Raikhan Mustafina,
Laura Auteleyeva,
Jan Wiśniewski,
Krzysztof Anusz,
Tomasz Grenda,
Krzysztof Kwiatek,
Magdalena Goldsztejn,
Magdalena Grabczak
Affiliations
Balgabay Maikanov
Department of Veterinary Sanitation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Technology of Animal Husbandry, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, Zhenis Avenue 62, 010011 Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
Raikhan Mustafina
Department of Veterinary Sanitation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Technology of Animal Husbandry, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, Zhenis Avenue 62, 010011 Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
Laura Auteleyeva
Department of Veterinary Sanitation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Technology of Animal Husbandry, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, Zhenis Avenue 62, 010011 Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
Jan Wiśniewski
Departament of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW (WULS-SGGW), ul.Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Krzysztof Anusz
Departament of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW (WULS-SGGW), ul.Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Tomasz Grenda
Department of Hygiene of Animal Feeding Stuffs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
Krzysztof Kwiatek
Department of Hygiene of Animal Feeding Stuffs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
Magdalena Goldsztejn
Department of Hygiene of Animal Feeding Stuffs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
Magdalena Grabczak
Department of Hygiene of Animal Feeding Stuffs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
The aim of this study was to assess occurrence of Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium perfringens in honey samples from Kazakhstan. Analyses were carried out using a set of PCR methods for identification of anaerobic bacteria, and detection of toxin genes of C. botulinum and C. perfringens. Among 197 samples, C. botulinum was noticed in only one (0.5%). The isolated strain of this pathogen showed the presence of the bont/A and ntnh genes. C. perfringens strains were isolated from 18 (9%) samples, and mPCR (multiplex PCR) analysis led to them all being classified as toxin type A with the ability to produce α toxin. Sequence analysis of 16S rDNA genes showed occurrence in 4 samples of other anaerobes related to C. botulinum, which were C. sporogenes and C. beijerinckii strains. C. botulinum prevalence in honey samples from Kazakhstan in comparison to the prevalence in samples collected from the other regions seems to be less. The highest prevalence of Clostridium sp. was noticed in the East Kazakhstan province. Our study is the first survey on BoNT-producing clostridia and C. perfringens prevalence in Kazakh honey.
