Здоров’я, спорт, реабілітація (Jul 2018)
Features of psycho-physiological functions of fencers in comparison with representatives of cyclic and game kinds of sports
Abstract
The purpose of the work is to determine the specifics of the speed of reaction in representatives of fencing, cyclical sports (swimmers) and game sports (basketball players). Material and methods. In the study, 23 skilled fencers, 18 qualified swimmers and 23 qualified basketball players took part in the determination of the differences between reaction rate indicators. In this study, methods were used to determine the psychophysiological abilities of athletes in terms of time indicators of a simple and complex reaction. Tests were conducted on the computer program "Psychodiagnostics". The following measurements were made: measurement of the simple response rate to the light stimulus: in response to the appearance of any image on the monitor, it was necessary to press and release the left mouse button as soon as possible; measurement of the simple reaction rate to the sound stimulus: in response to the sound, it was necessary to press and release the left mouse button as soon as possible; the measurement of the complex reaction of choosing one of three objects: in response to the appearance on the monitor screen of a picture of a geometric figure or animal, it was necessary to press and release the left mouse button as soon as possible; measuring the complex reaction of choosing two objects from three: in response to the appearance on the monitor screen of the image of the geometric figure, it was necessary to press and release the left mouse button as soon as possible; in response to the appearance on the monitor screen of the animal image should be as soon as possible to press and release the right button of the mouse. Results. It is shown that fencers in terms of time indicators of a simple and complex reaction occupy an intermediate position between representatives of sports games and cyclical sports, which significantly differ among themselves in these indicators. Fencers have these values closer to the basketball players, who have the best performance in these tests. This indicates the high importance of the speed of reaction for fencers. In terms of the efficiency of thinking, the ability to concentrate and distribute attention, mental efficiency and practicability, fencers significantly surpass both representatives of sports games and representatives of cyclic sports, which indicates a high value of indicators reflecting various aspects of thinking processes for fencers. Conclusions. In situational sports, the main form of brain activity is not the development of motor stereotypes, but the "creative" function. With this is the great importance of the processes of perception and processing of information by the central neural system.
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