Late Reoccurrence of Collapsing FSGS After Transplantation of a Living-Related Kidney Bearing APOL 1 Risk Variants Without Disease Evident in Donor Supports the Second Hit Hypothesis

• Roberto S. Kalil, MD,
• Richard J. Smith, MD,
• Prerna Rastogi, MD, PhD,
• Daniel A. Katz, MD,
• Christie P. Thomas, MD

Affiliations

Roberto S. Kalil, MD

1 Kidney Transplant Program, Iowa City VAMC, Iowa City, IA.

Richard J. Smith, MD

2 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.

Prerna Rastogi, MD, PhD

5 Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.

Daniel A. Katz, MD

1 Kidney Transplant Program, Iowa City VAMC, Iowa City, IA.

Christie P. Thomas, MD

1 Kidney Transplant Program, Iowa City VAMC, Iowa City, IA.