Structural Characterization and Antioxidant Potential of Chitosan by γ-Irradiation from the Carapace of Horseshoe Crab
Siddhartha Pati,
Anil Chatterji,
Bisnu Prasad Dash,
Bryan Raveen Nelson,
Tanmay Sarkar,
Salwa Shahimi,
Hisham Atan Edinur,
Teh Sabariah Binti Abd Manan,
Paramananda Jena,
Yugal Kishore Mohanta,
Diptikanta Acharya
Affiliations
Siddhartha Pati
Horseshoe Crab Research Unit, Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore 756089, Odisha, India
Anil Chatterji
Research Divisions, Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Devine Colony, Balasore 756001, Odisha, India
Bisnu Prasad Dash
Horseshoe Crab Research Unit, Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore 756089, Odisha, India
Bryan Raveen Nelson
Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
Tanmay Sarkar
Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
Salwa Shahimi
School of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
Hisham Atan Edinur
Forensic Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
Teh Sabariah Binti Abd Manan
Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
Paramananda Jena
Centre of Excellence (CoE) for Bioresource Management and Energy Conservation Material Development, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore 756089, Odisha, India
Yugal Kishore Mohanta
Research Divisions, Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Devine Colony, Balasore 756001, Odisha, India
Diptikanta Acharya
School of Biotechnology, GIET University, Gunupur 765022, Odisha, India
Natural product extraction is ingenuity that permits the mass manufacturing of specific products in a cost-effective manner. With the aim of obtaining an alternative chitosan supply, the carapace of dead horseshoe crabs seemed feasible. This sparked an investigation of the structural changes and antioxidant capacity of horseshoe crab chitosan (HCH) by γ-irradiation using 60Co source. Chitosan was extracted from the horseshoe crab (Tachypleus gigas; Müller) carapace using heterogeneous chemical N-deacetylation of chitin, followed by the irradiation of HCH using 60Co at a dose-dependent rate of 10 kGy/hour. The average molecular weight was determined by the viscosimetric method. Regarding the chemical properties, the crystal-like structures obtained from γ-irradiated chitosan powders were determined using Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The change in chitosan structure was evident with dose-dependent rates between 10 and 20 kGy/hour. The antioxidant properties of horseshoe crab-derived chitosan were evaluated in vitro. The 20 kGy γ-irradiation applied to chitosan changed the structure and reduced the molecular weight, providing sufficient degradation for an increase in antioxidant activity. Our findings indicate that horseshoe crab chitosan can be employed for both scald-wound healing and long-term food preservation due to its buffer-like and radical ion scavenging ability.
