Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology (SJST) (Dec 2015)
Effect of fertilizer and dolomite applications on growth and yield of tapping rubber trees
Abstract
Tropical acid soil used for rubber planting has usually low fertility due to continuous loss of plant nutrient elements by crop removal and leaching. Thus, proper soil improvement in tapping rubber is very essential. This study aimed to measure the growth and yield of 17-year-old rubber trees, chemical properties of soil, and plant nutrient status in the leaf and latex after two years of soil improvement. A randomized complete block of seven treatments: No fertilizer (Control treatment), Chemical fertilizer based on soil analysis according to the recommendation of the Rubber Research Institute (Ch.F), Ch.F+ Dolomite to raise pH up to 6.0 (D), 3 kg per plant of compost (C), Ch.F+C, ½ Ch.F+C and ½ Ch.F+C+D, with three replicates was designed. After two years of giving treatments, it was found that adding full rate of chemical fertilizer based on soil test together with compost or dolomite increased the tree girth increment from the first year to the second year. Rubber yield after soil improvements tended to increase from the beginning to the end of the year, especially with compost application. Increasing of soil fertility was found after soil improvement treatments. However, total N, available P and available K were still lower than optimum levels as well as leaf N and K. Nitrogen in rubber latex after soil improvement treatments was higher than those in the control treatment, which contrasted to those of Ca and Mg. However, fertilizer and dolomite effect on micronutrient elements in rubber leaf and latex were not clear. Thus, fertilizer should be continuously applied at least with the full rate of chemical fertilizer based on soil analysis, and organic fertilizer should be applied to gain some trace elements. Dolomite could also be applied in a very strong acid soil.
