Nuclear Fusion (Jan 2024)
Overview of Large Helical Device experiments of basic plasma physics for solving crucial issues in reaching burning plasma conditions
- K. Ida,
- M. Yoshinuma,
- M. Kobayashi,
- T. Kobayashi,
- N. Kenmochi,
- F. Nespoli,
- R.M. Magee,
- F. Warmer,
- A. Dinklage,
- A. Matsuyama,
- R. Sakamoto,
- T. Nasu,
- T. Tokuzawa,
- T. Kinoshita,
- K. Tanaka,
- N. Tamura,
- K. Nagaoka,
- M. Nishiura,
- Y. Takemura,
- K. Ogawa,
- G. Motojima,
- T. Oishi,
- Y. Morishita,
- J. Varela,
- W.H.J. Hayashi,
- M. Markl,
- H. Bouvain,
- Y. Liang,
- M. Leconte,
- D. Moseev,
- V.E. Moiseenko,
- C.G. Albert,
- I. Allfrey,
- A. Alonso,
- F.J. Arellano,
- N. Ashikawa,
- A. Azegami,
- L. Bardoczi,
- M. van Berkel,
- M. Beurskens,
- M.W. Binderbaue,
- A. Bortolon,
- S. Brezinsek,
- R. Bussiahn,
- A. Cappa,
- D. Carralero,
- I.C. Chan,
- J. Cheng,
- X. Dai,
- D.J. Den Hartog,
- C.P. Dhard,
- F. Ding,
- A. Ejiri,
- S. Ertmer,
- T. Fornal,
- K. Fujita,
- Y. Fujiwara,
- H. Funaba,
- L. Garcia,
- J.M. Garcia-Regana,
- I. Garcia-Cortés,
- I.E. Garkusha,
- D.A. Gates,
- Y. Ghai,
- E.P. Gilson,
- H. Gota,
- M. Goto,
- E.M. Green,
- V. Haak,
- S. Hamaguchi,
- K. Hanada,
- H. Hara,
- D. Hartmann,
- Y. Hayashi,
- T. Henning,
- C. Hidalgo,
- J. Hillairet,
- R. Hutton,
- T. Ido,
- H. Igami,
- K. Ikeda,
- S. Inagaki,
- A. Ishizawa,
- S. Ito,
- M. Isobe,
- Y. Isobe,
- M. Ivkovic,
- Z. Jiang,
- J. Jo,
- S. Kamio,
- H. Kasahara,
- D. Kato,
- Y. Katoh,
- Y. Kawachi,
- Y. Kawamoto,
- G. Kawamura,
- T. Kawate,
- Ye.O. Kazakov,
- V. Klumper,
- A. Knieps,
- W.H. Ko,
- S. Kobayashi,
- F. Koike,
- Yu.V. Kovtun,
- M. Kubkowska,
- S. Kubo,
- S.S.H. Lam,
- A. Langenberg,
- H. Laqua,
- S. Lazerson,
- J. Lestz,
- B. Li,
- L. Liao,
- Z. Lin,
- R. Lunsford,
- S. Masuzaki,
- H. Matsuura,
- K.J. McCarthy,
- D. Medina-Roque,
- O. Mitarai,
- A. Mollen,
- C. Moon,
- Y. Mori,
- T. Morisaki,
- S. Morita,
- K. Mukai,
- I. Murakami,
- S. Murakami,
- T. Murase,
- C.M. Muscatello,
- K. Nagasaki,
- D. Naujoks,
- H. Nakano,
- M. Nakata,
- Y. Narushima,
- A. Nagy,
- J.H. Nicolau,
- T. Nishizawa,
- S. Nishimoto,
- H. Nuga,
- M. Nunami,
- R. Ochoukov,
- S. Ohdachi,
- J. Ongena,
- M. Osakabe,
- N.A. Pablant,
- N. Panadero,
- B. Peterson,
- J. de la Riva Villén,
- J. Romazanov,
- J. Rosato,
- M. Rud,
- S. Sakakibara,
- H.A. Sakaue,
- H. Sakai,
- I. Sakon,
- M. Salewski,
- S. Sangaroon,
- S. Sereda,
- T. Stange,
- K. Saito,
- S. Satake,
- R. Seki,
- T. Seki,
- S. Sharapov,
- A. Shimizu,
- T. Shimozuma,
- G. Shivam,
- M. Shoji,
- D.A. Spong,
- H. Sugama,
- Z. Sun,
- C. Suzuki,
- Y. Suzuki,
- T. Tajima,
- E. Takada,
- H. Takahashi,
- K. Toi,
- Y. Tsuchibushi,
- N. Tsujii,
- K. Tsumori,
- T.I. Tsujimurai,
- G. Ueno,
- H. Uehara,
- J.L. Velasco,
- E. Wang,
- K.Y. Watanabe,
- T. Wauter,
- U. Wenzel,
- M. Yajima,
- H. Yamada,
- I. Yamada,
- K. Yanagihara,
- H. Yamaguchi,
- R. Yanai,
- R. Yasuhara,
- M. Yokoyama,
- Y. Yoshimura,
- M. Zarnstorff,
- M. Zhao,
- G.Q. Zhong,
- Q. Zhou,
- S. Ziaei,
- LHD Experiment Group,
- the W7-X Team
Affiliations
- K. Ida
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- M. Yoshinuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- M. Kobayashi
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- T. Kobayashi
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- N. Kenmochi
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- F. Nespoli
- ORCiD
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , 100 Stellarator Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States of America
- R.M. Magee
- TAE Technologies , Inc., Foothill Ranch, CA, United States of America
- F. Warmer
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- A. Dinklage
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- A. Matsuyama
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology , Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
- R. Sakamoto
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- T. Nasu
- ORCiD
- The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- T. Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- T. Kinoshita
- ORCiD
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences , Kyushu University, Kasuga, Japan
- K. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences , Kyushu University, Kasuga, Japan
- N. Tamura
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; Nagoya University , Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- M. Nishiura
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Japan
- Y. Takemura
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- K. Ogawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- G. Motojima
- ORCiD
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- T. Oishi
- ORCiD
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University , Sendai, Japan
- Y. Morishita
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan
- J. Varela
- ORCiD
- Institute for Fusion Studies , University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
- W.H.J. Hayashi
- ORCiD
- University of California , Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America
- M. Markl
- ORCiD
- Fusion@OEAW, Graz University of Technology , Graz, Austria
- H. Bouvain
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- Y. Liang
- ORCiD
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung , 52425 Jülich, Germany
- M. Leconte
- ORCiD
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy , Daejeon, Korea, Republic Of
- D. Moseev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- V.E. Moiseenko
- Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Sweden
- C.G. Albert
- Fusion@OEAW, Graz University of Technology , Graz, Austria
- I. Allfrey
- TAE Technologies , Inc., Foothill Ranch, CA, United States of America
- A. Alonso
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- F.J. Arellano
- Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies , Osaka Univ., Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- N. Ashikawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- A. Azegami
- Nagoya University , Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- L. Bardoczi
- General Atomics, 3550 General Atomics Crt , San Diego, CA 92121, United States of America
- M. van Berkel
- FOM Institute DIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research , Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Nieuwegein, Netherlands
- M. Beurskens
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- M.W. Binderbaue
- TAE Technologies , Inc., Foothill Ranch, CA, United States of America
- A. Bortolon
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , 100 Stellarator Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States of America
- S. Brezinsek
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung , 52425 Jülich, Germany; Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Science, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf , 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
- R. Bussiahn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- A. Cappa
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- D. Carralero
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- I.C. Chan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Japan
- J. Cheng
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Japan
- X. Dai
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Japan
- D.J. Den Hartog
- Wisconsin Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706, United States of America
- C.P. Dhard
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- F. Ding
- Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei, China
- A. Ejiri
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Japan
- S. Ertmer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung , 52425 Jülich, Germany
- T. Fornal
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IFPiLM) , 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
- K. Fujita
- Nagoya University , Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Y. Fujiwara
- University of California , Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America
- H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- L. Garcia
- Universidad Carlos III de Madrid , 28911 Leganes, Madrid, Spain
- J.M. Garcia-Regana
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- I. Garcia-Cortés
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- I.E. Garkusha
- Institute of Plasma Physics of the National Science Center ‘Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology’ , Kharkiv, Ukraine
- D.A. Gates
- Thea Energy , Princeton, NJ, United States of America
- Y. Ghai
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8071, United States of America
- E.P. Gilson
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , 100 Stellarator Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States of America
- H. Gota
- TAE Technologies , Inc., Foothill Ranch, CA, United States of America
- M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- E.M. Green
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan
- V. Haak
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- S. Hamaguchi
- Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies , Osaka Univ., Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- K. Hanada
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics , Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
- H. Hara
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- D. Hartmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- Y. Hayashi
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- T. Henning
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- C. Hidalgo
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- J. Hillairet
- CEA , IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
- R. Hutton
- Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
- T. Ido
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics , Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
- H. Igami
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- S. Inagaki
- Institute of Advanced Energy , Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
- A. Ishizawa
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University , Uji, Japan
- S. Ito
- Nagoya University , Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- M. Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- Y. Isobe
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Japan
- M. Ivkovic
- Institute of Physics , Univeristy of Belgrade, PO Box 68, 11081 Belgrade, Serbia
- Z. Jiang
- The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- J. Jo
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy , Daejeon, Korea, Republic Of
- S. Kamio
- University of California , Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America
- H. Kasahara
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- D. Kato
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University , Fukuoka, Japan
- Y. Katoh
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University , Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Y. Kawachi
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- Y. Kawamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- G. Kawamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- T. Kawate
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- Ye.O. Kazakov
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics , ERM/KMS, TEC Partner, Brussels, Belgium
- V. Klumper
- TAE Technologies , Inc., Foothill Ranch, CA, United States of America
- A. Knieps
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung , 52425 Jülich, Germany
- W.H. Ko
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy , Daejeon, Korea, Republic Of
- S. Kobayashi
- Institute of Advanced Energy , Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
- F. Koike
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University , Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
- Yu.V. Kovtun
- Institute of Plasma Physics of the National Science Center ‘Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology’ , Kharkiv, Ukraine
- M. Kubkowska
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IFPiLM) , 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
- S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; College of Engineering, Chubu University , Kasugai, Japan
- S.S.H. Lam
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
- A. Langenberg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- H. Laqua
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- S. Lazerson
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- J. Lestz
- University of California , Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America; General Atomics, 3550 General Atomics Crt , San Diego, CA 92121, United States of America
- B. Li
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
- L. Liao
- The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- Z. Lin
- The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- R. Lunsford
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , 100 Stellarator Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States of America
- S. Masuzaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- H. Matsuura
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- K.J. McCarthy
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- D. Medina-Roque
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- O. Mitarai
- Institute for Advanced Fusion and Physics Education , Kumamoto 861-5525, Japan
- A. Mollen
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , 100 Stellarator Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States of America
- C. Moon
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics , Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
- Y. Mori
- Nagoya University , Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- T. Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- K. Mukai
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- I. Murakami
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- S. Murakami
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan
- T. Murase
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- C.M. Muscatello
- General Atomics, 3550 General Atomics Crt , San Diego, CA 92121, United States of America
- K. Nagasaki
- Institute of Advanced Energy , Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
- D. Naujoks
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- H. Nakano
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- M. Nakata
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- Y. Narushima
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- A. Nagy
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , 100 Stellarator Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States of America
- J.H. Nicolau
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan
- T. Nishizawa
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics , Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
- S. Nishimoto
- Nagoya University , Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- H. Nuga
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- M. Nunami
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; Nagoya University , Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- R. Ochoukov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- S. Ohdachi
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- J. Ongena
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics , ERM/KMS, TEC Partner, Brussels, Belgium
- M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- N.A. Pablant
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , 100 Stellarator Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States of America
- N. Panadero
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- B. Peterson
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- J. de la Riva Villén
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- J. Romazanov
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung , 52425 Jülich, Germany
- J. Rosato
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, PIIM, Marseille, France
- M. Rud
- Technical University of Denmark , Department of Physics, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- S. Sakakibara
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- H.A. Sakaue
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- H. Sakai
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences , Kyushu University, Kasuga, Japan
- I. Sakon
- Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- M. Salewski
- Technical University of Denmark , Department of Physics, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- S. Sangaroon
- Mahasarakham University , Maha Sarakham, Thailand
- S. Sereda
- Wisconsin Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706, United States of America
- T. Stange
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- K. Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- S. Satake
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- R. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- T. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- S. Sharapov
- UKAEA, Culham Science Centre , Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- A. Shimizu
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- G. Shivam
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- M. Shoji
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- D.A. Spong
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8071, United States of America
- H. Sugama
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- Z. Sun
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , 100 Stellarator Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States of America
- C. Suzuki
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- Y. Suzuki
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University , Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
- T. Tajima
- TAE Technologies , Inc., Foothill Ranch, CA, United States of America
- E. Takada
- National Institute of Technology , Toyama College, Toyama 939-8630, Japan
- H. Takahashi
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- K. Toi
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- Y. Tsuchibushi
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- N. Tsujii
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Japan
- K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- T.I. Tsujimurai
- College of Engineering, Chubu University , Kasugai, Japan
- G. Ueno
- The Institute of Statistical Mathematics , Research Organization of Information and Systems, Tokyo, Japan
- H. Uehara
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- J.L. Velasco
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión , CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- E. Wang
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung , 52425 Jülich, Germany
- K.Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University , Uji, Japan
- T. Wauter
- ITER Organization , St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
- U. Wenzel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik , Wendelsteinstrasse 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
- M. Yajima
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- H. Yamada
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Japan
- I. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University , Uji, Japan
- K. Yanagihara
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology , Naka Fusion Institute, Naka, Ibaraki, Japan
- H. Yamaguchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- R. Yanai
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- R. Yasuhara
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- M. Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan; The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , Toki, Japan
- Y. Yoshimura
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology , Naka Fusion Institute, Naka, Ibaraki, Japan
- M. Zarnstorff
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , 100 Stellarator Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States of America
- M. Zhao
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- G.Q. Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei, China
- Q. Zhou
- Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, China
- S. Ziaei
- TAE Technologies , Inc., Foothill Ranch, CA, United States of America
- LHD Experiment Group
- National Institute for Fusion Science , National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
- the W7-X Team
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ad3a7a
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 64,
no. 11
p. 112009
Abstract
Recently, experiments on basic plasma physics issues for solving future problems in fusion energy have been performed on a Large Helical Device. There are several problems to be solved in future devices for fusion energy. Emerging issues in burning plasma are: alpha-channeling (ion heating by alpha particles), turbulence and transport in electron dominant heating helium ash exhaust, reduction of the divertor heat load. To solve these problems, understanding the basic plasma physics of (1) wave–particle interaction through (inverse) Landau damping, (2) characteristics of electron-scale (high- k ) turbulence, (3) ion mixing and the isotope effect, and (4) turbulence spreading and detachment, is necessary. This overview discusses the experimental studies on these issues and turbulent transport in multi-ion plasma and other issues in the appendix.
Keywords
- Large Helical Device
- basic plasma physics
- burning plasma
- wave–particle interaction
- ion mixing
- turbulence spreading
