Impact of Nanoencapsulated Rosemary Essential Oil as a Novel Feed Additive on Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and Gene Expression of Broiler Chicken
Sheikh Adil,
Mohammad T. Banday,
Syed A. Hussain,
Manzoor A. Wani,
Ebtesam Al-Olayan,
Amlan K. Patra,
Shahid Rasool,
Adil Gani,
Islam U. Sheikh,
Azmat A. Khan,
Showkeen Muzamil
Affiliations
Sheikh Adil
Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology (Kashmir), Jammu & Kashmir, Shuhama 190006, India
Mohammad T. Banday
Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology (Kashmir), Jammu & Kashmir, Shuhama 190006, India
Syed A. Hussain
Division of Livestock Products Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology (Kashmir), Jammu & Kashmir, Shuhama 190006, India
Manzoor A. Wani
Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology (Kashmir), Jammu & Kashmir, Shuhama 190006, India
Ebtesam Al-Olayan
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Amlan K. Patra
American Institute for Goat Research, School of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Langston University, Langston, OK 73050, USA
Shahid Rasool
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Field Station, Bonera, Pulwama 192301, India
Adil Gani
Department of Food Technology, University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, Hazratba 190006, India
Islam U. Sheikh
Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology (Kashmir), Jammu & Kashmir, Shuhama 190006, India
Azmat A. Khan
Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology (Kashmir), Jammu & Kashmir, Shuhama 190006, India
Showkeen Muzamil
Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology (Kashmir), Jammu & Kashmir, Shuhama 190006, India
This study evaluated the effect of free and nanoencapsulated rosemary essential oil (REO) as an antibiotic alternative in broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass traits, meat quality and gene expression. Four hundred twenty day-old commercial broiler chicks (VENCOBB) were randomly allocated to seven dietary treatments, each having four replicates of fifteen chicks. The dietary treatments comprised control (CON) fed a basal diet only, AB (basal diet + 10 mg enramycin/kg), CS (basal diet + 150 mg chitosan nanoparticles/kg), REOF100 and REOF200 (basal diet + 100 mg and 200 mg free REO/kg, respectively), and REON100 and REON200 (basal diet + 100 mg and 200 mg nanoencapsulated REO/kg, respectively). Overall (7–42 d), REON200 showed the highest (p F100 and REOF200 groups had a similar gain, but lower than that of the AB and REON100 groups. Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatments. Overall, the feed efficiency increased (p = 0.001) by 8.47% in the REON200 group and 6.21% in the AB and REON100 groups compared with the CON. Supplementation of REO improved (p N100 and REON200. Ether extract, crude fiber, calcium and phosphorus digestibility values showed no difference among the groups. The dressing, breast, thigh % increased (p p N200 group than with other treatments and CON. In breast meat quality, water holding capacity and extract reserve volume increased (p p N100 and REON200. No change was observed in the breast meat color among dietary treatments and CON. The REON100 and REON200 groups had reduced (p p p < 0.001) by dietary addition of REO particularly in the nanoencapsulated form compared with the CON. In conclusion, nanoencapsulated REO, especially at 200 mg/kg diet, showed promising results as an antibiotic alternative in improving the performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass traits, meat quality and upregulation of growth and anti-inflammatory genes.
