Pediatric cystic nephroma: A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Pediatric cystic nephromas (PCNs) are rare, benign, multilocular cystic renal neoplasms affecting children <2 years. Morphological similarity between pediatric congenital cystic nephroma and other cystic renal tumors produces diagnostic dilemmas but has excellent prognosis after surgical excision. We report the case of a 14-month-old male child who presented with swelling left side of his abdomen for the past 3 months noticed by his mother. Mass was firm, bimanually palpable. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen showed it to be a well-defined thick-walled peripherally enhancing multiloculated complex cystic lesion in the left kidney. We have done a left nephrectomy and on histopathology, it shows multiple cysts with cyst walls lined by flattened cuboidal epithelium, the cystic septa show fibrovascular tissue and lymphomononuclear cells, and no blastemal elements were seen, which are classic features of PCN.

Keywords

• abdominal mass
• benign renal tumor
• multicystic neoplasm
• multilocular cystic nephroma
• nephrectomy
• pediatric cystic nephroma