Dual polarity open circuit voltage in triboelectric nanogenerators originated from two states series impedance

Abstract

Abstract Experimental and simulation studies demonstrated that the initial voltage setting significantly influences the open-circuit voltage (V OC ) in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Utilizing diode configurations, we consistently observed two distinct V OC s independent of the initial settings. A lower V OC corresponded to the surface voltage (V Surface ), while a higher V OC was amplified by the product of the V Surface and the TENG's characteristic impedance ratio. Notably, a lower measurement system capacitance provided a more precise representation of the inherent characteristics of the TENG. Conversely, an increase in system impedance led to a convergence of the two V OC s and a reduction in their magnitudes relative to V Surface . These findings suggest that optimizing the initial/repeated charge balancing and minimizing capacitive loads are crucial for maximizing TENG output power in practical applications.

Keywords

• Triboelectric nanogenerator
• Open-circuit voltage
• Asymmetric voltage
• Variable impedance energy device
• Measurement system