Mitogenome of the leaf-footed bug Notobitus montanus (Hemiptera: Coreidae) and a phylogenetic analysis of Coreoidea.

Abstract

Notobitus montanus Hsiao, 1963 is a major pest of bamboos. The mitogenome of N. montanus (ON052831) was decoded using next-generation sequencing. The mitogenome, with 42.26% A, 30.54% T, 16.54% C, and 10.65% G, is 16,209 bp in size. Codon usage analysis indicated that high frequently used codons used either A or T at the third position of the codon. Amino acid usage analysis showed that leucine 2, phenylalanine, isoleucine and tyrosine were the most abundant in 31 Coreoidea species. Thirteen protein-coding genes (PCGs) were evolving under purifying selection, nad5 and cox1 had the lowest and strongest purifying selection stress, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that evolutionary rate had positive correlation with A+T content. No tandem repeat was detected in the non-coding region of N. montanus. The phylogenetic tree showed that Alydidae and Coreidae were not monophyletic. However, the topology of phylogenetic trees, based on 13 PCGs, was in accordance with that of tree based on both mitochondrial and nuclear genes but not ultraconserved element loci or combination of 13 PCGs and two rRNAs. It seems that their relationships are complex, which need revaluation and revision. The mitogenomic information of N. montanus could shed light on the evolution of Coreoidea.