Subsurface oxygen defects electronically interacting with active sites on In2O3 for enhanced photothermocatalytic CO2 reduction

Abstract

How to effectively extract electrons from subsurface oxygen defects is challenging in heterogeneous catalysis. Here the authors demonstrate that Metallic In-embedded In2O3 nanoflake catalyst promotes the delocalization of electrons among subsurface oxygen defects, obviously increasing electron density of surface active sites.