International Journal of General Medicine (Dec 2018)

Factors associated with carotid intima-media thickness in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

  • Kuswardhani RAT,
  • Wiradharma KG,
  • Kandarini Y,
  • Widiana GR,
  • Martadiani ED

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 12
pp. 1 – 6

Abstract

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RA Tuty Kuswardhani,1 Ketut Gede Wiradharma,2 Yenny Kandarini,3 Gde Raka Widiana,3 Elysanti Dwi Martadiani4 1Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Sumbawa District Hospital, Sumbawa Besar, Indonesia; 3Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia; 4Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the association of the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) with various parameters in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (mHD). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 68 subjects (41 men, 27 women) on mHD in the Hemodialysis Unit, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia. CIMT was measured with B-mode ultrasonography using a USG Sonoace 8000 and a 7.5 MHz linear transducer. Results: CIMT was higher in subjects with cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with those without CVD (0.6494 vs 0.7288 mm; P=0.026), and in men compared with women (0.7056 vs 0.6141 mm; P=0.003). CIMT was correlated with age (R=0.607; P<0.001), plasma albumin (R=−0.291, P=0.016), serum phosphate (R=−0.294, P=0.015), calcium-phosphate product (R=−0.284, P=0.011), and plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (R=0.279, P=0.030). However, after multiple linear regression testing, only age consistently had a role in determining the CIMT value (β=0.452, P<0.001). Conclusion: Subjects with CVD have higher CIMT than those without CVD and men had higher CIMT than women. In addition, older age, higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lower albumin, phosphate, and calcium-phosphate product levels were correlated with higher CIMT. Age was the most important marker for CIMT in subjects on mHD. Keywords: carotid intima-media thickness, hemodialysis, age

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