Unilateral Kidney Agenesis and other Kidney Anomalies in Infertile Men with Congenital Bilateral Absence of Vas deferens: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: We aim to determine the prevalence of renal anomalies in patients with congenital vas deferens agenesisreferred for infertility assessment.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on eligible infertile men from 2016 to 2019.Infertile men who were suspected of obstructive azoospermia were referred to the Ultrasound ward and they wereexamined by abdominal ultrasound for detecting the genital and kidney anomalies. An informed consent form wasfilled out by patients. Data was entered into SPSS software 21. Patients were divided into two groups in termsof congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens (CBAVD) or congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens(CUAVD). Using the Chi-square test kidney anomalies between groups were compared. The P<0.05 was consideredsignificant.Results: The mean age of participants was 33.05 ± 6.35. The frequency of CBAVD was 66 and the frequency of leftside VD and right side VD were 23 and 21, respectively. The percentage of other comorbidities was calculated. Outof 110 cases, 12 (11%) men had coexistence of vas deferens and kidney agenesis. Other studies are in agreement withour findings. Although the percentage of CBAVD and CUAVD were 9.1% and 1.8% respectively, the difference wasnot significant (P=0.07).Conclusion: Considering the fact that kidney agenesis is a remarkable congenital anomaly that coexists with themajority of vas deferens agenesis cases and could not be detected by routine laboratory tests or transrectal ultrasoundexamination, it should be ruled out with transabdominal ultrasound examination after detection of vas deferensagenesis.

Keywords

• azoospermia
• congenital absence of the vas deferens
• imaging
• kidney anomalies