REGULADOR DE CRESCIMENTO E Trichoderma harzianum APLICADOS EM SEMENTES DE FEIJOEIRO CULTIVADO EM SUCESSÃO A CULTURAS DE COBERTURA GROWTH REGULATOR AND Trichoderma harzianum APPLIED TO COMMON BEAN SEEDS CULTIVATED IN SUCCESSION TO COVER CROPS

Abstract

<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Avaliou-se o efeito de regulador de crescimento e <em>Trichoderma harzianum</em>,<em> </em>aplicados em sementes de feijoeiro irrigado, em sucess&atilde;o a diferentes culturas de cobertura. O delineamento experimental consistiu de parcelas subdivididas, em blocos casualizados, com quatro repeti&ccedil;&otilde;es. Nas parcelas, foram utilizadas culturas de cobertura, como as leguminosas guandu, estilosantes e crotal&aacute;ria, e as gram&iacute;neas milheto, capim momba&ccedil;a, braqui&aacute;ria e braqui&aacute;ria consorciada com milho e sorgo. Nas subparcelas, os tratamentos foram: testemunha; 500 mL de regulador de crescimento, em 100 kg de sementes; 1.250 mL de fungicida biol&oacute;gico, em 100 kg de sementes; e 500 mL de regulador de crescimento mais 1.250 mL de fungicida biol&oacute;gico, em 100 kg de sementes. Aos 84 dias ap&oacute;s o corte das culturas de cobertura, foi semeado o feijoeiro, cultivar BRS Valente. Foram avaliados a severidade de podrid&atilde;o radicular causada por <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em> e <em>Fusarium solani </em>f.<em> </em>sp.<em> phaseoli</em>, incid&ecirc;ncia por murcha-de-fus&aacute;rio, estande, rendimento de gr&atilde;os, massa de 100 gr&atilde;os, n&uacute;mero de vagens por planta e n&uacute;mero de gr&atilde;os por vagem do feijoeiro. Os tratamentos com fungicida biol&oacute;gico e regulador de crescimento n&atilde;o apresentaram efeito significativo, em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o &agrave;s vari&aacute;veis analisadas. A palhada de sorgo favoreceu o aumento das podrid&otilde;es radiculares e da murcha-de-fus&aacute;rio no feijoeiro.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Horm&ocirc;nios vegetais; controle biol&oacute;gico; <em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> L.; sistema plantio direto; Cerrado.</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of growth regulator and </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Trichoderma harzianum</em></span><span style="font-size: small;"> in common bean, in succession to different cover crops. The experimental design consisted of split-plots, in randomized complete blocks, with four replications. For plots, the leguminous </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Cajanus cajan</em></span><span style="font-size: small;">, </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Stylosanthes guianensis</em></span><span style="font-size: small;">, and </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Crotalaria spectabilis</em></span><span style="font-size: small;">, and the grasses </span><span style="color: #6d6d6d;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Pennisetum glaucum</em></span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;">, </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Panicum maximum</em></span><span style="font-size: small;">, </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Brachiaria brizantha</em></span><span style="font-size: small;">, </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>B. brizantha </em></span><span style="font-size: small;">associated with </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Zea mays</em></span><span style="font-size: small;">, and </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Sorghum bicolor </em></span><span style="font-size: small;">were used as cover crops. The subplot treatments were: control; 500 mL of growth regulator (GR); 1,250 mL of biological fungicide (BF); and 500 mL of GR plus 1,250 mL of BF, in 100 kg of seeds. Eighty-four days after the cover crops cutting, the common bean cultivar BRS Valente was sown. The root rot severity caused by </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Rhizoctonia solani</em></span><span style="font-size: small;"> and </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Fusarium solani </em></span><span style="font-size: small;">f.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><em> sp. Phaseoli</em></span><span style="font-size: small;">, incidence of fusarium wilt, grain yield, one hundred grain weight, number of pods per plant, and number of grains per pod were evaluated for common bean. The treatments with biological fungicide and growth regulators applied via seeds did not show significant effect, in relation to the analyzed variables. The sorghum straw favored the increase of root rot severity and fusarium wilt in the common bean crop.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="en-US" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">KEY-WORDS: Vegetable hormones; biocontrol; <em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> L.; no-tillage system; <em>Cerrado</em>.</span></span></span></p>

Keywords

• Hormônios vegetais
• controle biológico
• Phaseolus vulgaris L.
• sistema plantio direto
• Cerrado