The Impact of Underground Constructions on the State of the Monument of National Significance Cell (Building No. 4) of the National Kyiv-Pechersk Historical and Cultural Preserve
Abstract
The aim of the study is to find out the problem of preservation of architectural monuments of the National Kyiv-Pechersk Historical and Cultural Preserve on the example of the cells of the Cathedral Elders (building No. 4). The research methods are based on the integrated use of general scientific and special methods, including observation, mapping, analysis, generalization, synthesis. The scientific novelty of the study is that for the first time, on the basis of monitoring, as an important means of providing information about the state of each monument and the dynamics of its changes in real time, the nature of deformations of a particular above-ground monument has been comprehensively analyzed, taking into account the presence of nearby underground structures within its foundations. The peculiarities of monitoring the monuments, the nature and the specificity of the professional tools of the monitors are considered, which ensures the effective accomplishment of these tasks. Conclusions. The presence of underground structures located within the foundations of the main part of the building does not significantly affect the activation of deformations. Underground structures located in the immediate vicinity of the walls of the building and sufficiently buried in the soil mass indirectly affect the deformation of the building structures. The main factors that lead to deformation of structures (waterlogging of the soil mass, direct infiltration of atmospheric precipitation, suffusion) and factors of influence (imperfect landscaping) are determined. In order to ensure the effective preservation of the complex diachronous above-ground architectural monuments with significant underground parts, peculiar to the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra, it is necessary to improve the landscaping of the territory, as well as to carry out constant monitoring, to systematize the restoration interventions with the obligatory accomplishment within the set terms of the complete complex of engineering, repair and restoration works.
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