Valorization of Bottom Oil Sludge in Red Ceramics—Inertization of the Contained Heavy Metals in the Ceramic Matrix

Abstract

Among the wastes produced in a refinery are solids containing water, in particular: (i) bottom sludge accumulated in storage tanks and (ii) sludge agglomerated during the processing of crude oil. Potentially useful industrial secondary resources, co-processed with clays lead to the manufacturing of novel ceramic building products. Among the expected advantages, resulting to industrial symbiosis, is the inclusion of ashes and residual metals from the wastes within the ceramic structure, leading to the inertization of inorganic ingredients, through the thermal processing of clay to building ceramic products.

Keywords

• bottom oil sludge
• secondary resources
• brick and roof tiles industry