Gait Analysis Technologies for Evaluating Biomechanical Deviations: Insights from a Pilot Study on Healthy Athletes and Foot Deformities

Abstract

Gait analysis is an essential tool for assessing musculoskeletal function and identifying biomechanical abnormalities. This study aimed to establish normative reference values for gait parameters in young, physically active individuals and to identify deviations associated with foot deformities. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 102 healthy young adults engaged in performance sports. Gait parameters were recorded using the RSscan plantar pressure distribution platform. Outlier identification methods were applied to exclude 12 participants with significant deviations, resulting in a final sample of 90 subjects. Descriptive statistics and comparative analyses were used to evaluate maximum force, impulse, load rate, and contact area across ten anatomical foot regions. Results: The final normative dataset established baseline values for plantar pressure distribution and biomechanical force dynamics. Among excluded participants, 33% exhibited pes planus (flatfoot), and one case presented pes cavus (high arch), both associated with altered pressure distributions and deviations in temporal gait parameters. Statistical comparisons confirmed significant variations in foot loading patterns and pressure maps (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive reference for gait parameters in young, healthy adults and highlights the clinical relevance of individualized gait assessments. The findings underscore the utility of plantar pressure analysis for early detection of biomechanical abnormalities that could contribute to musculoskeletal dysfunction. These insights can aid in the optimization of rehabilitation strategies, sports performance assessments, and orthopedic interventions. Clinical Implications: The results emphasize the need for targeted interventions in individuals with foot deformities to prevent long-term functional impairments. Future research should explore longitudinal implications of biomechanical deviations in active populations.

Keywords

• gait analisys
• biomechanical deviations
• foot deformities