酶法制备人乳替代脂的研究进展Research progress on enzymatic preparation of human milk fat substitutes

Abstract

人乳替代脂是一类模拟母乳脂组成的结构脂质，为促进人乳替代脂的绿色高效生产，介绍了母乳脂的甘油三酯组成，对人乳替代脂的酶法制备工艺以及实际应用的研究现状进行了分析、总结和探讨，并展望了未来的研究方向。我国母乳脂中1-油酸-2-棕榈酸-3-亚油酸甘油三酯(OPL)含量最高，其次为1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯(OPO)。人乳替代脂的酶法制备工艺包括酯-酯交换法、一步酸解法、醇解-酯化两步法、两步酸解法、酯交换-酸解两步法等。提高酶的催化活性与位置选择性、抑制酰基迁移等是未来酶法制备人乳替代脂的研究方向。Human milk fat substitutes are a kind of structural lipids that simulate the composition of breast milk fat. In order to promote green and efficient production of human milk fat substitutes, the triglyceride composition of breast milk fat was introduced, and the enzymatic preparation technology and practical application of human milk fat substitutes were analyzed, summarized and discussed, and the future research direction was prospected. The content of 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleoyl glycerol (OPL) was the highest in Chinese breast milk fat, followed by 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl glycerol (OPO). The enzymatic preparation of human milk fat substitutes includes ester-esterification, one-step acid hydrolysis, alcohololysis-esterification two-step, two-step acid hydrolysis, transesterification-acid hydrolysis two-step, etc. Improving the catalytic activity and location selectivity of enzymes and inhibiting acyl transfer are the future research directions of enzymatic preparation of human milk fat substitutes.

Keywords

• 1-油酸-2-棕榈酸-3-亚油酸甘油三酯；1
• 3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯；人乳替代脂；酶法制备
• opl; opo; human milk fat substitutes; enzymatic preparation