Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiome Effect and Role in Disease Development
Neira Crnčević,
Mirsada Hukić,
Sara Deumić,
Amir Selimagić,
Ada Dozić,
Ismet Gavrankapetanović,
Dženana Klepo,
Monia Avdić
Affiliations
Neira Crnčević
Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, International Burch University, Francuske revolucije bb, Ilidža, 71210 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Mirsada Hukić
Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Center for Disease Control and Geohealth Studies, Bistrik 7, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Sara Deumić
Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, International Burch University, Francuske revolucije bb, Ilidža, 71210 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Amir Selimagić
Department of Gastroenterohepatology, General Hospital “Prim. dr. Abdulah Nakas”, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ada Dozić
Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital “Prim. dr. Abdulah Nakas”, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ismet Gavrankapetanović
University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Clinic of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bolnička 25, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Dženana Klepo
Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, International Burch University, Francuske revolucije bb, Ilidža, 71210 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Monia Avdić
Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, International Burch University, Francuske revolucije bb, Ilidža, 71210 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
In recent years, it has been shown that gastrointestinal microflora has a substantial impact on the development of a large number of chronic diseases. The imbalance in the number or type of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract can lead to diseases and conditions, including autism spectrum disorder, celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, diabetes, and small bowel cancers. This can occur as a result of genetics, alcohol, tobacco, chemotherapeutics, cytostatics, as well as antibiotic overuse. Due to this, essential taxa can be lost, and the host’s metabolism can be severely affected. A less known condition called small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) can be seen in patients who suffer from hypochlorhydria and small intestine cancers. It is characterized as a state in which the bacterial population in the small intestine exceeds 105–106 organisms/mL. The latest examination methods such as double-balloon enteroscopy and wireless capsule endoscopy have the potential to increase the accuracy and precision of diagnosis and provide better patient care. This review paper aims to summarize the effect of the gastrointestinal environment on chronic disease severity and the development of cancers.
