DETERMINATION OF PHYSICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF QUINO GRAIN - THE MAIN STAGES OF JUSTIFICATION OF STORAGE AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

The work is devoted to determining the physical and technological properties of quinoa grain. Quinoa is an unconventional crop for Ukraine, but experiments on its cultivation have been successfully completed in the Sumy region. Due to its unique chemical composition, quinoa is used in dietary and functional products. Quinoa contains about 20% protein, which makes it an excellent dietary supplement for people who do not eat animal products. The amino acid composition of quinoa proteins is very balanced and is characterized by a high content of such essential amino acids. Feature of the fatty acid composition of quinoa. it has a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including linolenic fatty acid and linoleic, which belongs to the acids ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids. Due to the growing popularity of quinoa and its suitability for cultivation in our climatic and soil conditions, it is important to develop the technology of its storage and processing. One of the main stages of substantiation of the choice of technology for storage and processing of quinoa grain is to determine its physical and technological properties. Physical and technological properties of grain mass are determined by a large number of indicators. Determination of physical and technological properties of quinoa grain was performed for three types of quinoa: red, black and white. In determining the physical and mechanical properties were used methods approved by the relevant standards, or used in research and recommended in the relevant literature. We have identified the following basic physical and technological properties: geometric characteristics, nature, weight of 1000 grains, duty cycle, packing density, air supply, angle of natural slope, coefficient of internal friction, coefficient of external friction. Numerical values of these indicators for each type of quinoa are determined. Knowledge of the physical and technological properties of the grain mass to solve a large number of applied problems that have practical significance. and play an important role in the processes of moistening, heating and cooling of grain. A thorough study of physical and technological properties can provide optimal conditions for storage of seeds without compromising their quality. The obtained data can be used for selection of modes of cleaning, drying and active ventilation.

Keywords

• quinoa
• physical and technological properties
• geometric characteristics
• grain mass porosity
• grain mass flowability