Vascular Health and Risk Management (May 2023)

Assessment of Lower Limb Deep Vein Thrombosis: Characterization and Associated Risk Factors Using Triplex Doppler Imaging

  • Abdelmalik BHA,
  • Leslom MMA,
  • Gameraddin M,
  • Alshammari QT,
  • Hussien R,
  • Alyami MH,
  • Salih M,
  • Yousef M,
  • Yousif E

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 19
pp. 279 – 287

Abstract

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Bushra HA Abdelmalik,1 Musleh Mohammed Ali Leslom,2 Moawia Gameraddin,3,4 Qurain T Alshammari,1 Rehab Hussien,1 Mansour Hussain Alyami,5 Mohammed Salih,1 Mohamed Yousef,6 Elgeili Yousif1 1Diagnostic Radiology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; 2Najran-Hubuna Thar General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Najran, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan; 5King Khalid Hospital, Health Affairs of Najran Region, Najran, Saudi Arabia; 6Radiological Sciences Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, 21442 Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Moawia Gameraddin, Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia, Email [email protected]: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common health problem. Accurate diagnosis of DVT is essential to avoid potentially fatal acute consequences of pulmonary embolism.Aim: The study aims to assess deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs and to analyze the related risk factors.Methods: This is a retrospective study including 60 patients who were examined using Triplex Doppler imaging. The patients were referred to the imaging departments with symptoms of lower limb DVT. The risk of DVT was expressed as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to detect the independent risk factors. P value < 0.05 was considered a significant statistic.Results: Among the Saudi patients in Najran, acute DVT was more prevalent than chronic one (56.7% vs 38.3%), while subacute is less frequent (5%). DVTs are more prevalent in females than males (60% vs 40%) and most commonly affect patients older than 40. DVTs affect the left lower limb veins more than the right limb (75% vs 15%) and are less frequent on both sides (10%). The left popliteal vein (PV) and left common femoral vein (CFV) were the most common sites for acute DVTs. Binary logistic analysis revealed the independent risk factors for developing lower extremity DVT; malignancy (OR = 2.84, 95% CI = 0.518– 15.513), surgery (OR = 2.66, 95% CI = 0.411– 17.281), trauma (OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 0.452– 11.658), and diabetes and hypertension (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.335– 6.969).Conclusion: Acute lower limb DVT was more prevalent than chronic one. Malignancy, surgery, trauma, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were the most common risk factors for lower limb DVTs. Left popliteal and left common femoral veins were the most common sites of acute DVTs.Keywords: DVT, malignancy, pregnancy, popliteal vein, acute, surgery

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