Biology (Oct 2022)

Sulfated Polysaccharides from <i>Chaetoceros muelleri</i>: Macromolecular Characteristics and Bioactive Properties

  • Valeria Miranda-Arizmendi,
  • Diana Fimbres-Olivarria,
  • Anselmo Miranda-Baeza,
  • Karla Martínez-Robinson,
  • Agustín Rascón-Chu,
  • Yubia De Anda-Flores,
  • Jaime Lizardi-Mendoza,
  • Mayra A. Mendez-Encinas,
  • Francisco Brown-Bojorquez,
  • Rafael Canett-Romero,
  • Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11101476
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 10
p. 1476

Abstract

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In the present study, a culture of Chaetoceros muelleri, a cosmopolitan planktonic diatom microalga present in the Sea of Cortez, was established under controlled laboratory conditions. A sulfated polysaccharide (CMSP) extraction was carried out from the biomass obtained, resulting in a yield of 2.2% (w/w of dry biomass). The CMSP sample was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, showing bands ranging from 3405 to 590 cm−1 and a sulfate substitution degree of 0.10. Scanning electron microscopy with elemental analysis revealed that the CMSP particles are irregularly shaped with non-acute angles and contain sulfur. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a dynamic light-scattering detector yielded molecular weight (Mw), polydispersity index (PDI), intrinsic viscosity [η], and hydrodynamic radius (Rh) values of 4.13 kDa, 2.0, 4.68 mL/g, and 1.3 nm, respectively, for the CMSP. This polysaccharide did not present cytotoxicity in CCD-841 colon cells. The antioxidant activity and the glycemic index of the CMSP were 23% and 49, respectively, which gives this molecule an added value by keeping low glycemic levels and exerting antioxidant activity simultaneously.

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