Sulfated Polysaccharides from <i>Chaetoceros muelleri</i>: Macromolecular Characteristics and Bioactive Properties
Valeria Miranda-Arizmendi,
Diana Fimbres-Olivarria,
Anselmo Miranda-Baeza,
Karla Martínez-Robinson,
Agustín Rascón-Chu,
Yubia De Anda-Flores,
Jaime Lizardi-Mendoza,
Mayra A. Mendez-Encinas,
Francisco Brown-Bojorquez,
Rafael Canett-Romero,
Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan
Affiliations
Valeria Miranda-Arizmendi
Research Center for Food and Development (CIAD, AC), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
Diana Fimbres-Olivarria
Department of Scientific and Technological Investigations (DICTUS), University of Sonora, Blvd. Luis Donaldo Colosio, S/N, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
Anselmo Miranda-Baeza
Laboratory of Cultivation Technologies of Marine Organisms, State University of Sonora, Blvd. Manlio Fabio Beltrones No. 810, Col. Bugambilias, Navojoa 85875, Sonora, Mexico
Karla Martínez-Robinson
Research Center for Food and Development (CIAD, AC), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
Agustín Rascón-Chu
Research Center for Food and Development (CIAD, AC), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
Yubia De Anda-Flores
Research Center for Food and Development (CIAD, AC), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
Jaime Lizardi-Mendoza
Research Center for Food and Development (CIAD, AC), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
Mayra A. Mendez-Encinas
Department of Chemical Biological and Agropecuary Sciences (DCQBA), University of Sonora, Av. Universidad e Irigoyen, S/N, Caborca 83621, Sonora, Mexico
Francisco Brown-Bojorquez
Department of Polymers and Materials (DIPM), University of Sonora, Rosales and Blvd. Luis D. Colosio, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
Rafael Canett-Romero
Department of Research and Postgraduate in Food (DIPA), University of Sonora, Rosales and Blvd. Luis D. Colosio, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan
Research Center for Food and Development (CIAD, AC), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
In the present study, a culture of Chaetoceros muelleri, a cosmopolitan planktonic diatom microalga present in the Sea of Cortez, was established under controlled laboratory conditions. A sulfated polysaccharide (CMSP) extraction was carried out from the biomass obtained, resulting in a yield of 2.2% (w/w of dry biomass). The CMSP sample was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, showing bands ranging from 3405 to 590 cm−1 and a sulfate substitution degree of 0.10. Scanning electron microscopy with elemental analysis revealed that the CMSP particles are irregularly shaped with non-acute angles and contain sulfur. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a dynamic light-scattering detector yielded molecular weight (Mw), polydispersity index (PDI), intrinsic viscosity [η], and hydrodynamic radius (Rh) values of 4.13 kDa, 2.0, 4.68 mL/g, and 1.3 nm, respectively, for the CMSP. This polysaccharide did not present cytotoxicity in CCD-841 colon cells. The antioxidant activity and the glycemic index of the CMSP were 23% and 49, respectively, which gives this molecule an added value by keeping low glycemic levels and exerting antioxidant activity simultaneously.
