酶法改性微藻油脂制备功能性油脂的研究进展Research progress on preparation of functional lipids by enzymatic modification of microalgal oil

Abstract

多不饱和脂肪酸是一类对人体健康有益的生物活性物质，微藻油脂富含多不饱和脂肪酸，是天然可食用的潜在油源。利用微藻油脂开发制备型功能性油脂，替代动植物天然功能性油脂，不仅可提高天然功能性油脂的品质，解决供应问题，而且有望得到新的功能性油脂制品。对酶法制备功能性油脂的方法、常见微藻的油脂含量及其油脂的脂肪酸组成进行综述，并对酶法改性微藻油脂制备富含多不饱和脂肪酸的单酰甘油酯、结构三酰甘油酯、功能性磷脂等功能性油脂的研究进展进行了介绍。酶法改性微藻油脂制备功能性油脂是高值化利用微藻油脂的新途径。 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are health-beneficial bioactive compounds. Microalgal oils are natural and edible potential bioresources rich in PUFAs. Using microalgal oils to produce prepared functional lipids to replace natural animal and vegetable functional lipids not only can solve the bottleneck in the quality and supply for natural functional lipids, but also hopefully obtain new functional lipids products.The preparation of functional lipids by enzymatic method, lipid content and fatty acid composition of common microalgae were summarized, and the research progress on the preparation of functional lipids such as monoglycerides, structural triacylglycerides and functional phospholipid rich in PUFAs by enzymatic modification of microalgal oil was introduced. Preparation of functional lipids by enzymatic modification of microalgal oil is an new way for high-value utilization of microalgal oil.

Keywords

• 脂肪酶；微藻油脂；改性；功能性油脂；多不饱和脂肪酸
• lipase; microalgal oil; modification; functional lipid; polyunsaturated fatty acid