Mode of delivery in hemophilia: vaginal delivery and Cesarean section carry similar risks for intracranial hemorrhages and other major bleeds
Nadine G. Andersson,
Elizabeth A. Chalmers,
Gili Kenet,
Rolf Ljung,
Anne Mäkipernaa,
Hervé Chambost
Affiliations
Nadine G. Andersson
Centre for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden;Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Sweden
Elizabeth A. Chalmers
Department of Haematology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
Gili Kenet
National Hemophilia Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
Rolf Ljung
Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Sweden
Anne Mäkipernaa
Children’s Hospital and Hematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Hervé Chambost
Pediatric Haematology Oncology Department, Children Hospital La Timone, AP-HM, and Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
The optimal mode of delivery for a pregnant hemophilia carrier is still a matter of debate. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage and other major bleeds in neonates with moderate and severe hemophilia in relationship to mode of delivery and known family history. A total of 926 neonates, 786 with severe and 140 with moderate hemophilia were included in this PedNet multicenter study. Vaginal delivery was performed in 68.3% (n=633) and Cesarean section in 31.6% (n=293). Twenty intracranial hemorrhages (2.2%) and 44 other major bleeds (4.8%) occurred. Intracranial hemorrhages occurred in 2.4% of neonates following vaginal delivery compared to 1.7% after Cesarean section (P=not significant); other major bleeds occurred in 4.2% born by vaginal delivery and in 5.8% after Cesarean section (P=not significant). Further analysis of subgroups (n=813) identified vaginal delivery with instruments being a significant risk factor for both intracranial hemorrhages and major bleeds (Relative Risk: 4.78-7.39; P
