Zhongguo youzhi (Apr 2024)
动态法提取可溶性大豆多糖的纯化 及其性能分析Purification and product properties of soluble soybean polysaccharide extracted by dynamic method
Abstract
旨在为可溶性大豆多糖(SSPS)的纯化工艺改进和豆渣资源综合利用提供参考，采用动态法从干豆渣中提取得到SSPS粗品后，通过酶解、活性炭吸附以及醇沉等步骤进行纯化，优化了纯化工艺，并考察了纯化对SSPS的基本成分、理化指标、挥发性成分、结构和性能的影响。结果表明，最适酶解条件为木瓜蛋白酶添加量1.0%、酶解pH 6、酶解温度60 ℃、酶解时间2 h；活性炭吸附最适条件为活性炭添加量1.0%、吸附pH 5、吸附温度65 ℃、吸附时间30 min；纯化处理后SSPS的蛋白质及灰分含量分别从3.60%、5.13%下降至2.19%、4.73%；纯化SSPS的透明度提高了71.94%，黏度降低，挥发性成分的数量减少了18种，而分子质量未发生显著性变化；纯化SSPS与市售SSPS在分子结构方面相似，但是结晶度存在一些差异；纯化SSPS的起泡性和乳化性分别达到213.70%和0.76，泡沫稳定性和乳化稳定性均优于市售SSPS和阿拉伯胶的。综上，经动态法提取的SSPS纯化后产品性能均有不同程度改善。In order to provide reference for the improvement of purification process of soluble soybean polysaccharide（SSPS）and the comprehensive utilization of soybean dregs, the SSPS crude products were obtained from dried soybean dregs by dynamic extraction and purified by enzymatic hydrolysis, activated carbon adsorption and alcohol precipitation. The purification process was optimized and the effects of purification on the basic component, physicochemical property, volatile components, structure and properties of SSPS were investigated. The results showed that the optimal conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis were 1.0% papain addition and 2 h enzymatic hydrolysis at pH 6 and 60 ℃; the optimal conditions for activated carbon adsorption were 1.0% activated carbon addition and adsorption for 30 min at pH 5 and 65 ℃. After purification, the protein and ash contents of SSPS decreased from 3.60% and 5.13% to 2.19% and 4.73%, respectively. The transparency of the purified SSPS increased by 71.94%, the viscosity decreased, the number of volatile components decreased by 18, while the molecular mass did not change significantly. The molecular structure of purified SSPS was similar to that of commercial SSPS, but there were some differences in crystallinity. The foaming and emulsifying properties of purified SSPS reached 213.70% and 0.76, respectively, and the foam stability and emulsifying stability were better than those of commercial SSPS and acacia. In summary, the property of SSPS crude products extracted by dynamic method was improved after purification.
Keywords
