Актуальні питання суспільних наук та історії медицини (Mar 2017)
ІСТОРИКО-ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ ЗБІРКИ АГАТАНГЕЛА КРИМСЬКОГО «ПОВІСТКИ І ЕСКІЗИ» / HISTORICAL AND FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF THE COLLECTION «STORIES AND SKETCHES» BY AHATANHEL KRYMSKYI
Abstract
Дрогомирецкая Марта. Историко-функциональные аспекты сборника Агатангела Крымского «Короткие повести и эскизы». Освещены историко-функциональные аспекты дебютного сборника А. Крымского «Короткие повести и эскизы из украинской жизни» (Коломыя-Львов, 1895), который является важным документом украинского модерна. Конструктивные и репрезентативные функции сборника в литературном процессе исследуются на основе его сопоставления с произведениями предшественников и преемников на тематическом, жанровом и стилевом уровнях. Инновационный характер имели рассказы, посвященные таким проблемам, как конфликт между поколениями, критика народнической традиции, осуждение мещанской ограниченности и ксенофобии, амбивалентная трактовка декаданса. Сборник отразил тенденции жанровокомпозиционной фрагментаризации и приближения нарративных форм к технике «потока сознания». Ключевые слова: Агатангел Крымский, проза украинского модерна, исторический и функциональный аспекты, влияние, рецепция, типология. Marta Drohomyretska. Historical and Functional Aspects of the Collection "Stories and Sketches" by Agatangel Krymskyi. The article highlights the historical and functional aspects of debut prose collection "Stories and Sketches from Ukrainian Life" by Agatangel Krymskyi (Kolomyia-Lviv, 1895). Having commenced the era of Ukrainian modernism, this collection became an important factor in the literary development. Getting to her study, the author relied on the conceptual principle that such a significant art paper of the era was not only the object but also the subject of the literary process: touching upon the importance of some traditions, arguing with others and introducing its own innovations, it was able to make changes in the literary landscape. The author highlighted the constructive and representative functions of the book "Stories and Sketches...", comparing it with the works by both predecessors and successors of A. Krymskyi on thematic, genre and stylistic levels. For example, among thematically related works devoted to the problem of "fathers and children" the first priority was given to the short stories "Parental Rights" and "First Debuts of a Radical", which traced social and moral reasons for a young individual’s rebellion against tyranny in the family, school and society. Disagreeing with the traditions of patriarchal Ukrainophilism, the early prose by A. Krymskyi paved the way to the findings of young writers. Thus, three evolutionary stages of Ukrainian prose are defined: 1) the realistic stage of the late nineteenth century. This stage was inherent to the idealization of the common people, which was demonstrated in the novel "Clouds" by Ivan NechuyLevytskyi; 2) the phase of "Young Ukraine" in the last decade of the nineteenth century. Its worldview dominants, such as the crisis of populism, the birth of modern Ukrainian philosophy and distributing spirits, were reflected in the stories «fin de siècle», "To the People!", "Orphan Zakharko" by A. Krymskyi; 3) the stage of impressionism and neo-realism in the early twentieth century, during which Mykhailo Kotsyubynskyi, Volodymyr Vynnychenko and other A. Krymskyi’s successors highlighted a huge social and cultural gap between the denationalized intelligentsia and the Ukrainian people through the prism of irony and sarcasm, which led to the revolutionary politicization of social consciousness . Such features of the early collection by A. Krymskyi as ambivalent interpretation of decadence, the tendency to genrecompositional fragmenting and experiments with narrative form, which sometimes approached the "stream of consciousness", obviously had a certain influence on the development of modern Ukrainian prose. Key words: Ahatanhel Krymskyi, Ukrainian modern prose, historical and functional aspects, influence, reception, typology.
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