Metal‐organic framework‐based single‐atom electro‐/photocatalysts: Synthesis, energy applications, and opportunities
Munir Ahmad,
Jiahui Chen,
Jianwen Liu,
Yan Zhang,
Zhongxin Song,
Shahzad Afzal,
Waseem Raza,
Liaqat Zeb,
Andleeb Mehmood,
Arshad Hussain,
Jiujun Zhang,
Xian‐Zhu Fu,
Jing‐Li Luo
Affiliations
Munir Ahmad
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic Materials, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
Jiahui Chen
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic Materials, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
Jianwen Liu
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic Materials, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
Yan Zhang
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic Materials, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
Zhongxin Song
College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
Shahzad Afzal
Department of Environmental Engineering China Jiliang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
Waseem Raza
Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
Liaqat Zeb
School of Bioengineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian Liaoning China
Andleeb Mehmood
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
Arshad Hussain
Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
Jiujun Zhang
College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian China
Xian‐Zhu Fu
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic Materials, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
Jing‐Li Luo
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic Materials, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
Abstract Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have gained substantial attention because of their exceptional catalytic properties. However, the high surface energy limits their synthesis, thus creating significant challenges for further development. In the last few years, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have received significant consideration as ideal candidates for synthesizing SACs due to their tailorable chemistry, tunable morphologies, high porosity, and chemical/thermal stability. From this perspective, this review thoroughly summarizes the previously reported methods and possible future approaches for constructing MOF‐based (MOF‐derived‐supported and MOF‐supported) SACs. Then, MOF‐based SAC's identification techniques are briefly assessed to understand their coordination environments, local electronic structures, spatial distributions, and catalytic/electrochemical reaction mechanisms. This review systematically highlights several photocatalytic and electrocatalytic applications of MOF‐based SACs for energy conversion and storage, including hydrogen evolution reactions, oxygen evolution reactions, O2/CO2/N2 reduction reactions, fuel cells, and rechargeable batteries. Some light is also shed on the future development of this highly exciting field by highlighting the advantages and limitations of MOF‐based SACs.
