Risk Factors Analysis for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in COVID-19 Pandemic Era on Resident Physicians Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University

Abstract

Introduction. Resident physicians have a high risk of GERD due to excessive fatigue especially during a COVID-19 pandemic. However, research on resident physicians risk factors for the incidence of GERD in the COVID-19 pandemic era has never been conducted. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for GERD in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic on resident physicians. Methods. This study used an analytic observational design with a cross sectional approach. Subjects were resident physicians in clinical and pre-clinical stage at the Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University which were selected using random sampling method. Questionnaires were given to subjects using google forms, consisted of education burden, diet, psychosocial-economic, and GERDQ quiestionnaire. Risk factor analysis was performed using chi-square and logistic regression with a significance level of p<0.05. Results. Out of 230 subjects, most of them were female (54.5%) and mean of age was 30.32 (SD 2.60) years. The risk factors for GERD in resident physicians at Brawijaya University are hypertension (p=0.035), smoking (p=0.019), educational burden [total working hours ≥40 hours/week (p<0.001), night shift (p=0.002), and COVID-19 services (p=0.046)], diet [body mass index (p=0.04), eating late (p=0.025), lying down after eating (p=0.009)], and psychosocial-economic factors [having children (p<0.001), living separately from family (p=0.037), anxiety about being infected with COVID-19 (p<0.001)]. The most influential risk factors for GERD on resident physicians was total working hours ≥40 hours/week [OR 436.42 (95%CI 25.121-601.833); p<0.001]. Conclusion. Education burden, diet, and psychosocial-economic factors are associated with the incidence of GERD in resident physicians in the pandemic era.

Keywords

• covid-19
• gerd
• resident physicians
• risk factor