Ethnic-Cultural Map of the Southern Pre-Urals Region in the Period Between Hungarians and the Mongols

Abstract

The paper characterizes the ethnic-cultural situation in the Southern Cis-Urals in the 10th – 11th centuries on the basis of archaeological data. In the author's opinion, the ethnic dominant of the Ugric population remained in the forests of the region – the carriers of the Petrogrom and post-Petrogrom cultures, who occupied this territory after the migration of the ancient Magyar Ugrians to the west. They formed the western portion of the ethnic-cultural area (ECA) of the Ugric tribes of the Trans-Urals and Western Siberia. At the same time, the tribes of the Oguz and Pechenegs roamed the steppes of the Southern Cis-Urals. Volga Bolgaria, which then experienced the period of its highest socio-economic and political upsurge, was actively developing the forest areas of the Kama region and the Pre-Urals. Therefore, it objectively played the role of the area-forming factor for the Ugric tribes of the region. As for the nomads of the Steppe Cis-Urals – the Oguz and Pechenegs – no cultural influence of Volga Bolgaria on them has been traced on the basis of the available archaeological materials.

Keywords

• archaeology
• ugrians
• oguz
• pechenegs
• volga bolgaria
• post-petrogrom type
• aridization
• humidization