Comparative Analysis of Alkaline Phosphatase Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: A Three-Time Point Study Comparing Clear Aligners and Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the alkaline phosphatase level in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) at three time points using clear aligners and fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary care hospital to treat patients with 4–6 mm crowding in their upper front teeth. The study involved 20 patients, with 10 assigned to each group. Eligible patients had fully erupted permanent teeth, moderate crowding, and excellent dental health. The study lasted for 14 days and involved thermoplastic trays, Gemini metal brackets, and micropipettes. Results: This clinical study analyzed 20 participants, comprising 11 females and 9 males, with an average age of 25.23 ± 3.56 years. The data showed no significant differences in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels between the fixed orthodontic appliance and clear aligner groups. However, there was a notable increase in ALP levels in the crevicular fluid across both groups. The clear aligner group had significantly higher ALP levels at time points T1 and T2. Conclusion: Clear aligners may facilitate faster tooth movement due to elevated crevicular ALP levels, although robust scientific evidence is limited. The light force exerted by clear aligners may not significantly impact the overall rate of tooth movement.

Keywords

• alkaline phosphatase
• clear aligners
• fixed orthodontic appliances
• gingival crevicular fluid
• tooth movement