Prevalence of the risk factors of cerebrovascular disorders in the capital city residents aged 40–59: a clinical and epidemiological study

Abstract

Introduction.Circulatory system diseases and cerebrovasculardisorders are among the principal causes of morbidity and mortalityin the Russian Federation. Updated information on prevalenceand structure of the risk factors is needed to elaborate populationwide prevention measures. The aimis to assess the prevalence of the risk factors for cerebrovasculardisorders in the working-age population of capital cityresidents and stratification of subjects into the risk groups usingclinical scales for comprehensive evaluation. Materials and methods.Thorough screening of the open populationaged 4059 was carried out at one outpatient medical servicefacility in Moscow in 20112012: 376 subjects (156 men,220 women). The analysis took into account gender and agerelateddifferences (in the age groups of 4949 and 5059-yearoldadults). Results.We obtained the data on prevalence of the major riskfactors of cerebrovascular disorders, men/women (%): familyhistory 38.5/55.9, smoking 40.4/25.9, low physical activity 48.4/49.5, class 1 obesity 21.8/21.4, class 2 and 3 obesity 6.4/12.7, elevated serum cholesterol levels 32.7/43.2, elevatedserum triglyceride levels 23.1/15.0, hypertension 48.1/45.0,type 2 diabetes 3.8/2.7, increased intima-media thickness in thecarotid and femoral arteries 44.9/65.9, atherosclerotic plaquesof any localization (carotid and/or femoral arteries) 62.8/40.5,and 30% atherosclerotic stenosis of any localization 12.2/7.7. Prevalence of the risk factors in the population and,in some cases, their severity increased with age (before and afterage 50) up to 1.52 fold. When using SCORE and Stroke Riskometer tools for stratification, 8.6% and 39.3% subjects fellinto the high-risk groups, respectively. Conclusion.Working-age capital city residents in the 4059 yearscohort show high prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascularand cerebrovascular disorders with the first significant rise ofprevalence after reaching a 50-year age border; hypertension,low physical activity and increased intima-media thickness holdleading positions. The newest Stroke Riskometer appears to bethe most relevant tool for the risk assessing as it has a variety ofundoubted advantages compared to other clinical instruments.

Keywords

• risk factors
• cerebrovascular disorders
• atherosclerosis
• hypertension
• epidemiology
• stroke riskometer