Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder and Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Abstract

Introduction. Major depressive disorder (MDD) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are prevalent in the general population. Moreover, early studies found that the two conditions are associated bidirectionally and lead to poor health outcomes. The prevalence of comorbid MDD in OSA patients could be as high as two-thirds. A sedentary lifestyle and psychological stress in the globalisation age may increase the risk of MDD and OSA. Method. We reported a case of an MDD patient with OSA as well as discussed the assessment method and also reviewed the treatment of both conditions. We aimed to raise awareness for psychiatrists to differentiate other medical conditions when the symptomatology of MDD is atypical and unresponsive to standard psychiatric treatment. Conclusion. Early detection and effective treatment for MDD and OSA are essential to achieve patient outcomes. Furthermore, it can reduce complications from both conditions. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation should be made to determine the diagnoses when physicians suspect overlapping MDD and OSA.